Online Flora of the Maltese Islands by Stephen Mifsud
 
     
   13 Aug 2026      ()
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Index of Plant Families (2 families in this page)

ASTERALES (the Composites and allies)
ASTERACEAE
Daisy or Sunflower
CAMPANULACEAE
Bellflower
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ASTERACEAE
Bercht. & J.Presl

( Daisy or Sunflower Family )
Conservative synonym: Compositae

Subfamalies: Asteroideae; Barnadesioideae; Carduoideae; Cichorioideae ; Corymbioideae ; Gochnatioideae; Gymnarrhenoideae; Hecastocleidoideae; Mutisioideae; Pertyoideae; Stifftioideae; Wunderlichioideae;
Family Description: Asteraceae, also known as the daisy or sunflower family, is one of the largest families of flowering plants, comprising over 32,000 species across more than 1,900 genera. It is cosmopolitan in distribution, thriving in habitats ranging from deserts to alpine zones. Members are typically herbaceous, though shrubs, vines, and even trees occur. Leaves are usually alternate, simple or compound, and exstipulate, with variable venation. Stems may be erect or prostrate, often fistular or ridged, and sometimes contain latex. The hallmark of Asteraceae is the capitulum or head inflorescence, which mimics a single flower but is actually a composite of many small florets. These florets may be tubular (disc florets), ligulate (ray florets), or both, and are subtended by an involucre of bracts. Flowers are usually actinomorphic or zygomorphic, bisexual or unisexual, and pentamerous. The calyx is modified into a pappus of hairs or scales. The corolla is gamopetalous, and stamens are typically five, epipetalous, with syngenesious anthers. The ovary is inferior, unilocular, with basal placentation. Fruits are cypselas, often crowned by the persistent pappus, aiding in wind dispersal. Seeds are usually endospermic with a curved embryo.
2
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Achillea collina
(Becker ex Rchb. fil.) Heimerl

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Mountain Yarrow Maltese name not known May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Achillea ligustica
All.

Main Synonym :
Achillea sylvatica Ten.
Ligurian Yarrow Maltese name not known May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Achillea maritima subsp. maritima
(L.) Ehrend. & Y. P. Guo

Main Synonym :
Filago maritima L.
Otanthus maritimus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link
Cottonweed,
Sea Cudweed 		Santolina tar-ramel,
Bajda tar-ramel 		Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Aetheorhiza bulbosa
(L.) Cass.

Main Synonym :
Leontodon bulbosus L.
Bulbous Hawksbeard Qanċlita perenni Mar-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
L.

Main Synonym :
Ambrosia elatior L.
Ambrosia maritima L.
Sea Ragweed Ambrosja Sep-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Anacyclus clavatus
(Desf.) Pers.

Main Synonym :
Anacyclus tomentosus DC.
White Anacyclus Anaċiklus May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Anacyclus radiatus
Loisel.

Main Synonym :
Anacyclus valentinus var. bicolor Pers.
Yellow Anacyclus Maltese name not known Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Andryala integrifolia
L.

Main Synonym :
Andryala sinuata L.
Common Andryala Maltese name not known May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Anthemis arvensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Chamaemelum arvense (L.) Schreb.
Corn Chamomille Bebuna tar-raba Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Anthemis cotula
L.

Main Synonym :
Maruta cotula DC.
Stinking Chamomille Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Anthemis urvilleana
Sommier & Caruana

Main Synonym :
Anthemis secundiramea subsp. urvilleana (DC.) R.Fernandes
Maltese Sea Chamomille,
Maltese Chamomille 		Bebuna tal-baħar Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Argyranthemum frutescens
(L.) Sch.Bip.

Main Synonym :
Chrysanthemum frutescens L.
Marguerite Daisy,
Paris Daisy 		Maltese name not known May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Artemisia absinthium
L.

Main Synonym :
Absinthium officinale Brot.
Wormwood,
Absinthe Wormwood,
Grand Wormwood 		Assenzju Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Artemisia arborescens
L.

Main Synonym :
Absinthium arborescens Moench
Silver Wormwood Maltese name not known Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Asteriscus aquaticus
(L.) Less.

Main Synonym :
Nauplius aquaticus Cass.
Golden Star,
Seaside Ox-eye Daisy 		Għajn il-baqra tax-xatt Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Atractylis cancellata
L.

Main Synonym :
Carthamus cancellatus Lam.
Cage Thistle Xewk tal-gaġġa Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Bellis annua
L.

Main Synonym :
Bellis vandasii Velen.
Annual Daisy Bebuna Nov-Mar Detailed Profile
with

images.
Bellis sylvestris
Cirillo

Main Synonym :
Bellis hirta Host
Southern Daisy,
Wood Daisy 		Margerita salvaġġa Nov-Feb Detailed Profile
with

images.
Calendula arvensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Calendula sancta L.
Field Marigold Suffejra tar-raba Nov-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Calendula bicolor
Raf.

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Star Marigold Suffejra ta' giex kuluri Jan-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Calendula maritima
Guss.

Main Synonym :
Calendula suffruticosa subsp. maritima (Guss.) Meikle
Sea Marigold Suffejra tal-baħar May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Calendula officinalis
L.

Main Synonym :
Calendula eriocarpa DC.
Pot Marigold,
English Marigold 		Suffejra tal-ġonna Jan-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Calendula stellata
Cav.

Main Synonym :
Calendula cornuta Poir.
Calendula sicula Gussone
Sicilian Marigold Suffejra ta' Sqallija Jan-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Calendula suffruticosa subsp. fulgida
(Raf.) Guadagno

Main Synonym :
Calendula fulgida Raf.
Woody Marigold,
Shrubby Marigold 		Suffejra Jan-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Carduus pycnocephalus subsp. marmoratus
(Boiss. & Heldr.) P. H. Davis

Main Synonym :
Carduus arabicus Jacq. ex Murray
Carduus australis subsp. marmoratus (Boissier & Heldreich) Kazmi
Arabian Thistle Ħorfox Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Carduus pycnocephalus subsp. pycnocephalus
L.

Main Synonym :
Carduus acanthoides Huds.
Plymouth Thistle,
Italian Thistle,
Slender Thistle 		Xewk tal-fjura żgħira Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Carduus tenuiflorus
Curtis

Main Synonym :
Carduus pycnocephalus var. tenuiflorus Carduus tenuiflorus
Winged Plumeless Thistle,
Slender-flowered Thistle 		Xewk tal-fjura żgħira Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Carlina involucrata
Poir.

Main Synonym :
Carlina corymbosa subsp. Involucrata (Poir.) Holmboe
African Carline Thistle Sajtun May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Carlina lanata
L.

Main Synonym :
Mitina lanata Cass.
Wooly Carline Thistle Sebqet 'l oOmmha May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Carthamus caeruleus
L.

Main Synonym :
Carthamus tingitanus L.
Carduncellus caeruleus (L.) C.Presl
Blue Thistle Xewk ikhal May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Carthamus lanatus
L.

Main Synonym :
Carthamus lanatus var. algeriensis Batt.
Woolly Carthamus,
Woolly Safflower,
Smooth Distaff Thistle 		Xewk ta' Kristu,
Xewk il-far 		May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Carthamus tinctorius
L.

Main Synonym :
Centaurea carthamus E.H.L.Krause
Orange Carthamus Għosfor May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Catananche lutea
L.

Main Synonym :
Piptocephalum luteum Sch.Bip.
Yellow Catananche Katananċe Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea acaulis
L.

Main Synonym :
Serratula acaulis DC.
Stemless Star-Thistle,
Stemless Centaury 		Ċentawrija tan-nuffara Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea calcitrapa
L.

Main Synonym :
Centaurea calcitrapoides L.
Red Star-Thistle,
Purple Star-Thistle 		Maltese name not known Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea cyanus
L.

Main Synonym :
Cyanus segetum Hill
Cornflower,
Batchelor's Button 		Maltese name not known Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea diluta
Aiton

Main Synonym :
Centaurea diluta var. micracantha Maire
North African Knapweed,
North African Star-Thistle 		Xewk tal-Afrika ta' fuq Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea hyalolepis
Boiss.

Main Synonym :
Centaurea pallescens subsp. hyalolepis (Boiss.) Holmboe
Yellow Star-Thistle Maltese name not known May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea jacea
L.

Main Synonym :
Jacea pratensis Lam.
Brownray Knapweed,
Brown Knapweed 		Maltese name not known Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea melitensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Centaurea apula Lam.
Maltese Star-Thistle Xewk ta' Malta Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea nicaeensis
All.

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Mediterranean Star-Thistle,
Southern Star Thistle 		Xewk tal-għotba Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea ragusina
L.

Main Synonym :
Centaurea ragusina subsp. lungensis (Ginzb.) Hayek
Croatian Centaury,
Dusty Miller,
Star Thistle 		Maltese name not known Jun-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Centaurea solstitialis
L.

Main Synonym :
Calcitrapa solstitialis Lam.
Yellow Star-Thistle Maltese name not known Jun-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Chamaeleon gummifer
Cass.

Main Synonym :
Carlina gummifera Less.
Atractylis gummifera L.
Stemless Atractylis,
Ground Thistle 		Xewk tal-mixta Sep-Nov Normal Profile
with

images.
Cheirolophus crassifolius
(Bertol.) Susanna

Main Synonym :
Palaeocyanus crassifolius (Bertol.) Dostál
Maltese Rock-Centaury,
Malta Knapweed 		Widnet il-baħar May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Chiliadenus bocconei
Brullo

Main Synonym :
Jasonia bocconei (Brullo) M.Pardo & R.Morales
Maltese Fleabane,
Pointed-leaved Jasonia 		Tulliera ta' Malta,
Tulliera Selvaġġa 		Aug-Nov Detailed Profile
with

images.
Chondrilla juncea
L.

Main Synonym :
Chondrilla hispida Desf.
Rush-leaved sow thistle,
Gum Chicory 		Tfief tar-ramel May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Chrysanthemum oreastrum
Hance

Main Synonym :
Chrysanthemum zawadskii subsp. coreanum (Nakai) Y.N.Lee
Korean Chrysanthemun Maltese name not known Jan-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Cichorium endivia
L.

Main Synonym :
Cichorium crispum Mill.
Endive Indivja Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Cichorium intybus
L.

Main Synonym :
Cichorium sylvestre Lam.
Chicory Ċikwejra Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Cichorium spinosum
L.

Main Synonym :
Acanthophyton spinosum Less.
Spiny Chicory Qanfuda May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Crepis bursifolia
L.

Main Synonym :
Crepis hirta Pers.
Italian Hawksbeard Maltese name not known May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Crepis neglecta
L.

Main Synonym :
Crepis cernua Ten. ex Spreng.
Hawksbeard Maltese name not known May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Crepis pusilla
(Sommier) Merxm.

Main Synonym :
Melitella pusilla Sommier
Maltese Hawksbeard,
Maltese Dwarf Hawksbeard 		Melitella Mar-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Crepis vesicaria subsp. hyemalis
(Biv.) Babc.

Main Synonym :
Crepis hyemalis Biv.
Beaked Hawksbeard Krepis Sqalli May-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Crupina crupinastrum
(Moris) Vis.

Main Synonym :
Centaurea crupinastrum Moris
Southern Crupina Maltese name not known Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Cynara cardunculus
L.

Main Synonym :
Cynara corsica Viv.
Wild Artichoke,
Cardoon 		Qaqoċċ tax-xewk,
Qaqoċċ selvaġġ 		Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Cynara scolymus
L.

Main Synonym :
Cynara cardunculus subsp. scolymus L.
Globe Artichoke Qaqoċċ Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Cynara scolymus × cardunculus
L.

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Globe Artichoke (hybrid) Qaqoċċ bagħal Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Dimorphotheca jucunda
E.Phillips

Main Synonym :
Osteospermum jucundum (E.Phillips) Norl.
African Daisy,
Cape-Town Daisy 		Maltese name not known Feb-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Dittrichia graveolens
(L.) Greuter

Main Synonym :
Cupularia graveolens Godr. & Gren.
Lesser Samphire,
Stinking Fleabane,
Stinkwort 		Żagħżigħa safra Sep-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Dittrichia viscosa
(L.) Greuter

Main Synonym :
Dittrichia viscosa subsp. maritima (Brullo & De Marco) Greuter
False Yellowhead,
Sticky Fleabane,
Aromatic Inula 		Tulliera komuni Sep-Nov Detailed Profile
with

images.
Echinops siculus
Strobl

Main Synonym :
Echinops ritros subsp. sicula (Strobl) Greuter
Sicilian Globe Thistle Maltese name not known May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Eclipta prostrata
(L.) L.

Main Synonym :
Verbesina prostrata L.
False Daisy Eklipta Jun-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Erigeron bonariensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Leptilon bonariense Small
Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist
Flax-Leaved Fleabane,
Hairy Fleabane,
Asthmaweed 		Żagħżigħa selvaġġa Apr-Nov Detailed Profile
with

images.
Erigeron canadensis
L.

Main Synonym :
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist
Canadian Horseweed,
Canadian Fleabane 		Żagħżigħa Kanadiża Sep-Dec Normal Profile
with

images.
Erigeron sumatrensis
Retz.

Main Synonym :
Conyza albida Willd. ex Spreng.
Guernsey fleabane,
Broad-leaved fleabane,
White horseweed 		Żagħżigħa ċara All Year Normal Profile
with

images.
Eupatorium cannabinum
L.

Main Synonym :
Eupatorium soleirolii Loisel.
Hemp-Agrimony Maltese name not known Apr-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Filago lojaconoi
(Brullo) Greuter

Main Synonym :
Oglifa lojaconoi Brullo
Filago cossyrensis Ten. ex Lojac.
Maltese Cudweed Kabuccinella ta' Malta Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Filago pygmaea
L.

Main Synonym :
Filago acaulis L.
Evax pygmaea Brot.
Pygmy Cudweed,
Evax 		Evaks Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Filago pyramidata
L.

Main Synonym :
Filago gussonei Lojac. 
Broad-leaved Cudweed Maltese name not known Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Galactites tomentosa
Moench

Main Synonym :
Lupsia galactites Kuntze
Mediterranean Thistle,
Boar Thistle 		Xewk abjad Mar-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Geropogon hybridus
Sch.Bip.

Main Synonym :
Tragopogon hybridus R.Lesson
Hairless Goatsbeard,
Smooth Goatsbeard,
Slender Salsify 		Leħjet il-bodbod Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Glebionis coronaria
(L.) Cass. Ex Spach.

Main Synonym :
Chrysanthemum coronarium L.
Crown Daisy,
Garland,
Chop Suey Greens 		Lellux Jan-May Detailed Profile
with

images.
Glebionis segetum
Fourr.

Main Synonym :
Chrysanthemum segetum L.
Corn Daisy,
Corn Marigold 		Lellux tar-raba,
Żigland 		Feb-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hedypnois cretica
(L.) Dum.Cours.

Main Synonym :
Hedypnois rhagadioloides subsp. cretica (L.) Hayek
Variable Hyoseris Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hedypnois rhagadioloides
(L.) F.W. Schmidt

Main Synonym :
Hedypnois mauritanica Willd.
Variable Hyoseris Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Helianthus annuus
L.

Main Synonym :
Helianthus lenticularis Douglas ex Lindl.
Sunflower,
Common Sunflower 		Warda tax-xemx Jul-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Helianthus tuberosus
L.

Main Synonym :
Helianthus serotinus Tausch
Jerusalem Artichoke Artiċokk Jul-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Helichrysum melitense
(Pignatti) Brullo, Lanfr., Pavone & Ronsisv.

Main Synonym :
Helichrysum rupestre var. melitense Pignatti
Maltese Helichrysium,
Maltese Everlasting 		Sempreviva ta' Għawdex Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Helminthotheca echioides
(L.) Holub

Main Synonym :
Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn.
Picris echiodes L.
Bristly Oxtongue Ilsien il-baqra xewwikija Mar-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Hyoseris frutescens
Brullo & Pavone

Main Synonym :
Hyoseris lucida subsp. frutescens (Brullo & Pavone) Peruzzi & Vangelisti
Maltese Hyoseris,
Gozo Hyoseris 		Żigland ta' Għawdex Feb-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Hyoseris radiata
L.

Main Synonym :
Rhagadiolus stellatus DC.
Perennial Hyoseris Żigland tal-pizzi Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hyoseris scabra
L.

Main Synonym :
Hyoseris aspera Desf.
Annual Hyoseris Żigland Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Hypochaeris achyrophorus
L.

Main Synonym :
Hedypnois aetnensis
Mediterranean Catsear Żigland żgħir Apr-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Jacobaea maritima subsp. sicula
N.G.Passal., Peruzzi & Pellegrino

Main Synonym :
Senecio bicolor subsp. cineraria (DC.) Chate
Sicilian Silver Ragwort Kromb il-baħar isfar May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Lactuca saligna
L.

Main Synonym :
Lactuca virgata Tausch
Least Lettuce,
Willow Lettuce,
Willowleaf Lettuce 		Ħass salvaġġ tal-werqa dejqa Jun-Oct Normal Profile
with

images.
Lactuca sativa
L.

Main Synonym :
Lactuca capitata DC.
Lettuce,
Garden Lettuce 		Ħass May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Lactuca serriola
L.

Main Synonym :
Lactuca scariola L.
Prickly Lettuce,
China Lettuce,
Compass Plant 		Ħass salvaġġ tal-pizzi May-Aug Detailed Profile
with

images.
Leontodon tuberosus
L.

Main Synonym :
Thrincia tuberosa DC.
Tuberous Hawkbit Żigland tal-għerq Sep-Mar Normal Profile
with

images.
Leucanthemum vulgare
Lam.

Main Synonym :
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Pers.
Oxe-eye Daisy Maltese name not known Jun-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Limbarda crithmoides
(L.) Dumort.

Main Synonym :
Inula crithmoides L.
Golden Samphire Xorbett,
Xorbebb 		Jul-Oct Detailed Profile
with

images.
Matricaria aurea
(Loefl.) Boiss.

Main Synonym :
Chamomilla aurea (L.) Sch. Bip.
Golden Mayweed,
Golden Chamomille 		Kamumilla nana Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Matricaria chamomilla
L.

Main Synonym :
Matricaria recutita L.
Scented Mayweed,
Chamomille 		Kamumilla Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Notobasis syriaca
(L.) Cassini

Main Synonym :
Cirsium syriacum Gaertn.
Horse Thistle,
Syrian Thistle 		Xewk tax-xitan Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Onopordum tauricum
Willd.

Main Synonym :
Onopordum argolicum Boiss.
Argolian Cotton Thistle Xewk ta' Għawdex May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Pallenis spinosa
(L.) Cass.

Main Synonym :
Asteriscus spinosus (L.) Schultz-Bip.
Spiny Golden Star,
Spiny Starwort 		Għajn il-baqra xewwikija Apr-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Phagnalon rupestre subsp. graecum
Batt.

Main Synonym :
Phagnalon graecum Boiss. & Heldr.
Phagnalon graecum subsp. ginzbergeri Pignatti
Eastern Phagnalon Lixka komuni Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Phagnalon rupestre subsp. rupestre
(L.) DC.

Main Synonym :
Phagnalon spathulatum H.Lindb.
Rock Phagnalon Lixka tal-blat Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Picris hieracioides subsp. spinulosa
(Bertol. ex Guss.) Arcang.

Main Synonym :
Picris kelleriana Arv.-Touv.
Hawkweed Oxtongue Maltese name not known May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Podospermum laciniatum
(L.) DC.

Main Synonym :
Scorzonera laciniata Vahl ex DC.
Scorzonera laciniata L.
Divided-leaved Viper's Grass Maltese name not known Mar-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Pulicaria dysenterica
Gaertn.

Main Synonym :
Inula dysenterica Georgi
Common Fleabane Maltese name not known Jun-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Pulicaria odora
(L.) Rchb.

Main Synonym :
Inula odora Forssk.
Mediterranean Fleabane Maltese name not known Jun-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Reichardia intermedia
(Sch.Bip.) Samp.

Main Synonym :
Picridium intermedium Sch.Bip.
Mediterranean Reichardia Maltese name not known Nov-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Reichardia picroides
(L.) Roth

Main Synonym :
Picridium vulgare Desf.
Common Reichardia,
Common Brighteyes,
Common Picridium 		Kanċlita,
Qanċlita 		Nov-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Rhagadiolus stellatus
(L.) Gaertn.

Main Synonym :
Rhagadiolus edulis Rhagadiolus edulis
Star Hyoseris,
Star Hawkbit,
Stellate Hawkbit 		Tfief tal-istilla,
Żigland tal-istilla 		Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Santolina chamaecyparissus
L.

Main Synonym :
Santonlina incana Lam.
Lavender Cotton,
Holy Herb,
Ground Cypress 		Maltese name not known May-Sep Normal Profile
with

images.
Scolymus grandiflorus
Desf.

Main Synonym :
Scolymus hispanicus subsp. grandiflorus (Desf.) P.Fourn.
Large-flowered Golden Thistle Xewk isfar kbir May-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Scolymus hispanicus
L.

Main Synonym :
Scolymus aggregatus Ruch.
Common Golden Thistle,
Spanish Golden Thistle,
Spanish Oyster Plant 		Xewk isfar Apr-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Scolymus maculatus
L.

Main Synonym :
Scolymus paniculatus Ucria
Spotted Golden Thistle,
Spotted Golden Thistle,
Spotted Oyster Plant 		Xewk isfar tar-riga bajda Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Senecio angulatus
L. fil.

Main Synonym :
Senecio macropodus DC.
Creeping Groundsel,
Climbing Groundsel,
Cape Ivy 		Liedna s-safra,
Kubrita xeblieka 		May-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Senecio leucanthemifolius
Poir.

Main Synonym :
Senecio incrassatus Guss.
Coastal Ragwort Kromb Tax-Xatt Dec-Apr Detailed Profile
with

images.
Senecio pygmaeus
DC.

Main Synonym :
Senecio leucanthemifolius var. pygmaeus
Pygmy Ragwort,
Pygmy Groundsel 		Kubrita nana Feb-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Senecio vulgaris
L.

Main Synonym :
No synonyms for this species
Common Groundsel,
Old-man-in-the-Spring 		Kubrita,
Ħaxixa tal-kanali 		Nov-May Detailed Profile
with

images.
Silybum marianum
(L.) Gaertn.

Main Synonym :
Silybum eburneum Coss. & Durieu
Milk Thistle,
Blessed Milk Thistle 		Xewk tal-Madonna,
Xewk bagħli 		Apr-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Sonchus asper
(L.) Hill

Main Synonym :
Sonchus oleraceus var. asper L.
Prickly Sow Thistle,
Spiny Sow Thistle,
Spiny-leaved Sow Thistle 		Tfief ċar Mar-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Sonchus oleraceus
L.

Main Synonym :
Sonchus angustissimus Hook.f.
Smooth Sow Thistle,
Annual Sow Thistle,
Common Sow Thistle 		Tfiefa komuni Oct-Jul Detailed Profile
with

images.
Sonchus tenerrimus
L.

Main Synonym :
Sonchus tenerrimus var. perennis DC.
Mediterranean Sow Thistle,
Slender Sow Thistle 		Tfief fin Oct-Jul Normal Profile
with

images.
Symphyotrichum squamatum
(Spreng.) G.L.Nesom

Main Synonym :
Symphyotrichum subulatum var. squamatum (Spreng.) S.D.Sundb.
Aster squamatus Hieron.
Narrow-leaved Aster,
Annual Saltmarsh Aster,
Swamp Aster 		Settembrina salvaġġa Sep-Nov Detailed Profile
with

images.
Taraxacum minimum
(Brig. ex Guss.) N.Terracc.

Main Synonym :
Taraxacum briganti
Early Dandelion,
Southern Dandelion 		Ċikwejra selvaġġa Oct-Apr Normal Profile
with

images.
Urospermum picroides
(L.) Scop. ex F.W.Schmidt

Main Synonym :
Tragopogon picroides L.
Prickly Golden Fleece,
Sheep's Beard,
Prickly Urospermum 		Tfief xewwieki Jan-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.
Xanthium spinosum
L.

Main Synonym :
Acanthoxanthium spinosum Fourr.
Spiny Cocklebur Maltese name not known Jun-Aug Normal Profile
with

images.
Xanthium strumarium
L.

Main Synonym :
Xanthium chinense Mill.
Rough Cocklebur,
Common Cocklebur,
Burweed 		Maltese name not known Jul-Oct Detailed Profile
with

images.


CAMPANULACEAE
Juss.

( Bellflower Family )

Subfamalies: nil.
Family Description: Campanulaceae, commonly known as the bellflower family, is a diverse group of flowering plants within the order Asterales. It includes about 84 genera and nearly 2,400 species, ranging from delicate annual herbs to woody shrubs and even small trees. Most members are herbaceous perennials, often with milky latex and alternate, simple leaves that may be toothed or lobed. Stipules are absent. The stems can be erect or sprawling, and some species are climbers or rosette-forming. The hallmark of the family is its showy, actinomorphic or zygomorphic flowers, typically five-lobed and gamopetalous, forming bell-, funnel-, or star-shaped corollas. The calyx is synsepalous, and the corolla is sympetalous, often blue, violet, or white. Stamens are five, usually epipetalous, and the ovary is inferior, typically 2- to 5-locular with axile placentation. A nectariferous disc is often present at the ovary apex. Fruits are usually capsules or berries, with numerous small seeds that are often wind-dispersed. The family includes ornamental favorites like Campanula, Lobelia, and Platycodon, as well as medicinal and edible species.
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Campanula erinus
L.

Main Synonym :
Erinus campanulata Nyman
Small Bellflower Kampanula Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Legousia hybrida var. foliosa
Sommier & Caruana Gatto

Main Synonym :
Specularia hybrida A.DC.
Venus looking Glass Maltese name not known Mar-May Normal Profile
with

images.
Trachelium caeruleum
L.

Main Synonym :
Trachelium azureum Gouan
Trachelium Maltese name not known May-Jun Normal Profile
with

images.

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